Strategies for retaining good talent in COVID-19 pandemic situation - A literature review

For any Firm or organization or industry, the major asset is their employees. The importance of employees to any organization does not just depend on recruiting the talent, but also on retaining them for more period of time. The research focused on the various findings of the previous researchers and also included the present pandemic situation which effected the Indian economy and also decisions of the employees to shift their roles and organization. Various opportunities are open in the market, there by attracting the employees towards new opportunities. The present paper comprises of the Human Resource practices that make the employees stick towards a organization for longer period. The concept studied through descriptive research technique and secondary source of information is taken from various journals and articles. All the HR managers who wish to keep their good talent with in organizations must remember that just one strategy does not work for successful employee retention and it also depends on various HR elements namely the medical assistance in this pandemic, available opportunities for career development, performance recognition techniques and rewards, compensation, leadership style, management strategies, Training and development, motivation, decision making strategies. © 2023 Author(s).

Perception of Agile Teams About Home Office During the Covid-19

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a massive migration from working in the office to working from home (WFH) and the software development teams had to adapt to the new reality. This paper focused on how the agile teams dealt with the challenges of WFH and how this affected the software development process. To capture the perceptions of the agile teams, we carried out a survey that investigated the following aspects of WFH: work routine, collaboration, communication, productivity, transparency, challenges, and the software development process itself. The survey received 127 valid responses from agile team members and the results revealed that i) most of the members of agile teams considered the work continued as usual regardless of the place (office or remote);ii) 80% of members of agile teams mentioned an increase in productivity during WFH;iii) 85% of participants are using Scrum as management strategy;iv) communication between teams members during the remote working model was perceived as more effective;v) Microsoft Teams and Google Meets were the most used interactions tools by members of agile teams. Copyright © 2023 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Key Success Factors of 3D OBN Survey in a Congested Oil Field in the Caspian Sea

In this paper, we present and demonstrate that the implementation of an efficient Project Management Strategy has effectively contributed in a safe and successful completion of a very complex 3D OBN Seismic Survey in congested Oil fields. Thus, delivering high quality data on schedule and within the predetermined budget at the full satisfaction of all involved parties and stakeholders. Strong commitment to HSSE Standards and working as an integrated One-Team with full collaboration and continuous communication between all the Team members are among the main Success Factors of the 3D seismic survey which was carried out during the critical period of COVID-19. Moreover, the deployment of experienced personnel, advanced and reliable Technologies with adequate equipment have also extended the efficiency of this OBN 3D seismic survey. Preliminary results of 3D seismic data processing, interpretation and reservoir characterization are also briefly presented and discussed as a clear enhancement of data quality was already observed compared to the legacy 3D OBC data set. A fast track small 3D cube was successfully processed as an utmost and urgent priority for appraisal well selection, design and drilling. Copyright © 2023, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

Identification of new cases of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic using model strategic management

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a world health problem that causes the third-largest death after cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. One of the causes of transmission of environmental factors is controlling the mobilization of individuals suffering from tuberculosis. This research aims to develop a strategic model of finding new TB cases based on region. Method: This descriptive research utilizes primary and secondary data. Variables consist of geographical and demographic characteristics, resources, tuberculosis prevalence, and indicators of tuberculosis response processes. The TB management planning model document is based on the experiences of health centers Perak Timur, Wonokromo, and Siwalankerto in maximizing TB case detection. Results: The management model outlines policies and procedures based on the variables. For example, the detection of new TB patients became a priority at the health center in Perak Timur. In contrast, the health center in Wonokromo focused on developing cadres and private practice physicians. Conclusions: This research provides an overview of the aspects that need attention and improvement by discovering different new cases in each region.

Data Integration in Practice: Academic Finance Analytics Case Study

Financial sustainability is one of the crucial operations of many higher education institutes. Though since late 2019, the inevitable disruption and significant changes in the higher education system have continued after the increasing in COVID-19 transmissions. These affect the operations of higher education institutions in numerous ways, such as students' admission, financial management and teaching strategies. The purpose of this study is to present a data integration aspect of the analysis of financial data from academic income. Such data integration relates to the data from enrollment, admission, and research from many heterogeneous sources within the institution. In addition, the k-mean clustering approach is applied to group academic programs for further analysis. In the future, the institution's financial and risk management, research enhancement, and reputation and positioning will employ this analytics to support and shape the institution's operations. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Successful Change Management Strategies for Unforeseen Events: Impact of COVID-19 on Facility Management

Facility managers are increasingly tasked with being the champions of change in their organizations, which may include activities such as space management revisions, construction delivery practices, maintenance programs, technology implementations, and others. While much of the previous organization change management research has focused on how facility managers enable the adoption of planned change events (i.e., new technology), this study identifies the successful change strategies used in responding to unforeseen circumstances or events. The researchers evaluated these unplanned changes through the lens of COVID-19, given its nearly universal impact on facility management as a profession. The research team collected survey data from nearly 900 organizations in more than 60 countries, and conducted detailed follow-up interviews with 28 organizations. Twenty-two parameters were grouped into three categories: organizational characteristics, organizational change management practices, and change adoption measures. The research team used three random forest models and three logistic regression models to further examine the relationship between the data and the change adoption measures. The results indicate that three organizational change practices were particularly important to overall adoption success and achievement: appointment of a change agent, support of leaders, and the timeframe for implementing the change. The analysis also suggests that the type of unplanned change initiative has an impact on its long-term adoption throughout the organization. Organizations should consider using a formal change management approach in order to successfully implement unplanned change initiatives. This paper highlights the importance of an effective change, the active involvement and support of senior leaders, and the timeline of implementing the change - even if it is unforeseen. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Cruise tourism in the context of COVID-19: Dilemmas and solutions.

COVID-19 cases on international cruise ships have attracted extensive attention from the international community as well as the world's tourism and shipping industry. This virus highlighted the plight that must be faced by cruise ships in complicated times and situations such as pandemics. The comparative method is adopted to analyze the management measures taken by the "Diamond Princess", "Costa Serena", "Westerdam" and "Grand Princess" cruises in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and then to summarize the common dilemmas faced by these cruise ships, including defects of their internal environment, unclear health-care obligations during an epidemic, weak collaboration between the parties involved and their limited performance, and widespread infodemic and unfavorable public opinion. Given these dilemmas, measures are suggested to deal with the "cruise dilemma", including establishing and defining isolation standards on boards, enhancing the capacity of international organizations, the international community's joint response to the pandemic, promoting cooperation between countries, building an effective mechanism for the broad participation of the whole society, and standardizing the release of information and reasonably guiding public social opinion.

Experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal interview study.

OBJECTIVE: When the COVID-19 pandemic reached Norway, primary health care had to reorganize to ensure safe patient treatment and maintain infection control. General practitioners (GPs) are key health care providers in the municipalities. Our aim was to explore the experiences and management strategies of Norwegian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic - over time, and in the context of a sudden organizational change. DESIGN: Longitudinal qualitative interview study with two interview rounds. The first round of interviews was conducted from September-December 2020, the second round from January-April 2021. In the first interview round, we performed eight semi-structured interviews with GPs from eight municipalities in Norway. In the second round, five of the GPs were re-interviewed. Consecutive interviews were performed 2-4 months apart. To analyze the data, we used thematic analysis. RESULTS: The COVID-19 pandemic required GPs to balance several concerns, such as continuity of care and their own professional efforts. Several GPs experienced challenges in the collaboration with the municipality and in relation to defining their own professional position. Guided by The Norwegian Association of General practitioners, The Norwegian College of General Practice and collegial support, they found viable solutions and ended up with a feeling of having adapted to a new normal. CONCLUSIONS: Although our study demonstrates that the GPs adapted to the changing conditions, the current municipal health care models are not ideal. There is a need for clarification of responsibilities between GPs and the municipality to facilitate a more coordinated future pandemic response.Key PointsFacing the COVID-19 pandemic, the primary health care service in Norway had to reorganize to ensure safe patient treatment and maintain infection control.Several GPs experienced challenges in collaboration with the municipalities.There is a need for clarification of responsibilities between GPs and the municipality.

Analysis of the strategies used by iranian nurses for management of provided care for patients with COVID- 19: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses have been at the center of managing the COVID-19 outbreak through direct bedside care in respiratory, emergency and intensive care environments, managing hospital units, providing Covid-19 testing, vaccination and contact tracing. Thus, the present study aimed to analysis the strategies used by Iranian nurses for management of Provided Care for patients with COVID- 19. METHODS: The present study was conducted based on the conventional content analysis method and Graneheim & Lundman approach. The participants included the nurses working in the COVID-19 wards and were recruited by purposeful sampling and based on inclusion criteria. The data were collected by conducting semi-structured, in-depth, one-to-one interviews until reaching data saturation. RESULTS: In-depth interviews with 10 nurses represented four main categories and fifteen subcategories. Four main categories emerged in this study i.e. "justice in human resources management", "The art and science of comprehensive nursing care", "managers as agents of change in crisis" and "challenges and its management". CONCLUSION: The nurses' experiences of management strategies showed that paying attention to the financial, psychological, educational, equipment needs of nurses and maintaining their safety make the suitable environment for providing high quality care for patients with covid-19.

The future of work post Covid-19: key perceived HR implications of hybrid workplaces in India

Purpose: Human history observed an arduous time fighting the novel infectious respiratory disease Covid-19 coronavirus, which started in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly across the globe in 2020. Economies and the countries including India around the world experienced dismay with nationwide lockdowns and the fear of the unknowing. The unforeseen circumstances enforced immediate transitions in the organizations' work environment through remote working, digital infrastructure, online collaborations and new ways of interaction. The pandemic altered the workplace trajectories in lasting ways as the employees settled into a new routine of working from home more quickly than imagined. Now, as India and many other countries slowly move beyond the crisis, there exists a need to realize the implications of the pandemic on the workplace and articulate the future of work. This article, therefore, investigates the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of the new and emerging concept of hybrid workplaces and presents an HRM framework for their successful adoption in India. The findings may prove crucial in framing new workplace norms and shaping them. Moreover, this research would provide practitioners, policymakers, business leaders and HR professionals insights about the need to review the existing workplaces and successfully roll out hybrid work models in accordance with HR strategies. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology of Systematic Review of Literature (SLR) was adopted to study the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of hybrid workplaces. Findings: The findings of the study would help business leaders, HR professionals, policymakers and researchers in developing HR policies and approaches for the adoption of the hybrid workplace as they chart the path toward the post-pandemic future. Research limitations/implications: The study stresses the HR implications of the future of work as the hybrid workplace paradigm evolves. The approach is explorative and would require quantitative validation in different sectors and countries. Originality/value: The study makes a direct link between the hybrid workplaces and the impetus for the transformation of HR strategies. It also examines the changing role of the human resources (HR) functions and professionals after the pandemic. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Weight management strategies in Middle-Aged Women (MAW): Development and validation of a questionnaire based on the Oxford Food and Activity Behaviors Taxonomy (OxFAB-MAW) in a Portuguese sample.

Background: The Oxford Food and Activity Behaviors (OxFAB) taxonomy systematize the cognitive-behavioral strategies adopted by individuals who are attempting to manage their weight. The present study aimed to (1) develop a questionnaire based on the OxFAB taxonomy, specifically adapted for middle-aged women-the OxFAB-MAW-stage of life and sex, which present a high incidence of obesity, (2) assess the psychometric properties of this tool, and (3) evaluate the discriminative power of the OxFAB-MAW (normal weight vs. obesity). Methods: Overall, 1,367 Portuguese middle-aged women between 45 and 65 years (M = 52.3, SD = 5.15) filled in a sociodemographic, health, and menopause-related questionnaire, as well as the OxFAB-MAW. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated an acceptable model fit (comparative fit index = 0.928, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.913, root mean square error of approximation = 0.072, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.054). Five domains with one item were grouped into other domains, and the Weight Management Aids domain was also removed. The OxFAB-MAW showed factorial, convergent, discriminant, and external validity, as well as composite reliability. Conclusion: The OxFAB-MAW questionnaire is a valid, reliable, and theory-driven tool for assessing weight management strategies in middle-aged women, being able to discriminate between clinical and non-clinical groups (normal weight vs. obesity) in several domains. This instrument can be used to gather valid and reliable data, useful in both research and clinical settings (especially focused on structuring interventions and preventive obesity programs within this specific life cycle stage).

Creating an Open Data City for Healthcare: A Critical Review of Data Management Strategy and Development in China

The unexpected increased cases of COVID-19 pressured the healthcare system to be exposed to unprecedented challenges, where healthcare management is a complex but essential process to manage and coordinate all information and resources. Critical problems are emerging in this new routine and demanding a higher efficiency of medical data sharing. It is becoming necessary to improve the performances of city systems and create an open data city for reliable information and data sharing (e.g., medical and testing) for better public awareness and healthcare services. This research aims to critically review past efforts in open data city for healthcare from the perspective of data management strategy and development. China was selected as a representative due to its fast development in healthcare infrastructure and medical big data, and 79 out of 4,611 articles were selected, reviewed, and analyzed. A mixed-method approach was implemented to review and assess the existing efforts of open data city for healthcare through latitudinal and longitudinal analyses from five aspects based on sociotechnical systems: technology, people, infrastructure, processes, and culture. The gaps, missions, and challenges of developing an open data city for healthcare are also summarized, and an open data city healthcare reinforcement framework is proposed accordingly. This research contributes a new multidimensional way to rethink the development of open data city in healthcare and helps establish the state of the art of open data city. © 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.

AAU Uses of Communication and Education Technology in Distance Learning During a Corona Pandemic-Presentation and Evaluation

This study aims to present and evaluate the experience of Al Ain University (AAU) uses of communication and education technologys in the transition from regular education to distance Learningdue to the closure in light of the outbreak of the Corona pandemic. The AAU has used Microsoft Teams Application to present lectures and for the management of the educational process and its outputs. It adopted the Lock Down Browser to secure the examination environment. The study applied the analytical descriptive approach of the procedures of AAU for transition to distance education, and the descriptive survey of a sample of faculty members and students and their evaluation of this experience. The study concluded that the transition of AAU to distance Learning was quick and easy;and the online education management systems, represented in Moodle Platform and the online portal, that the University already used, contributed to this transition. The results were as follows: Continuity of education, effective crisis management, raising the efficiency of faculty and administrative staff and university students in the use of communication and education technologys, and distance learning skills and software. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

The future of work post Covid-19: key perceived HR implications of hybrid workplaces in India

Purpose: Human history observed an arduous time fighting the novel infectious respiratory disease Covid-19 coronavirus, which started in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly across the globe in 2020. Economies and the countries including India around the world experienced dismay with nationwide lockdowns and the fear of the unknowing. The unforeseen circumstances enforced immediate transitions in the organizations' work environment through remote working, digital infrastructure, online collaborations and new ways of interaction. The pandemic altered the workplace trajectories in lasting ways as the employees settled into a new routine of working from home more quickly than imagined. Now, as India and many other countries slowly move beyond the crisis, there exists a need to realize the implications of the pandemic on the workplace and articulate the future of work. This article, therefore, investigates the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of the new and emerging concept of hybrid workplaces and presents an HRM framework for their successful adoption in India. The findings may prove crucial in framing new workplace norms and shaping them. Moreover, this research would provide practitioners, policymakers, business leaders and HR professionals insights about the need to review the existing workplaces and successfully roll out hybrid work models in accordance with HR strategies. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology of Systematic Review of Literature (SLR) was adopted to study the key perceived benefits and the HR implications of hybrid workplaces. Findings: The findings of the study would help business leaders, HR professionals, policymakers and researchers in developing HR policies and approaches for the adoption of the hybrid workplace as they chart the path toward the post-pandemic future. Research limitations/implications: The study stresses the HR implications of the future of work as the hybrid workplace paradigm evolves. The approach is explorative and would require quantitative validation in different sectors and countries. Originality/value: The study makes a direct link between the hybrid workplaces and the impetus for the transformation of HR strategies. It also examines the changing role of the human resources (HR) functions and professionals after the pandemic. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Modifications of behavior management strategies pre- and post-covid-19 scenario: A survey among pediatric dentists.

Background: COVID-19 presented a unique scenario among children, specifically all over the world. The children had decrease outdoors activities and learning times, increased use of electronic gadgets and changes in sleep patterns. These altered behavior patterns of children directly influenced their behavior in the dental operatory. This coupled with the stringent protocols of COVID-19, made the behavior management of children a tedious task. However, as they say that necessity is the mother of all inventions, the pediatric dentist took this time to evaluate newer methods of behavior management and modified old strategies with newer modifications. Aim: The main aim of this study was to observe the modifications in behavior management strategies among pediatric dentists in the post-COVID-19 era while managing the child in dental operatory. Materials and Methods: Four hundred pediatric dentists were mailed a questionnaire consisting of 24 open and closed-ended questions consisting of personal data, professional information, and questions regarding various behavior management techniques used by them in pre- and post-COVID-19 era. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 26.0, IBM, and a comparison of frequencies of categories of variables with groups was made using Chi-Square test and McNemar test. Results: The results showed that there were statistically highly significant changes in behavior management strategies pre- and post-COVID-19 scenario with P < 0.01. Conclusion: Conventional techniques like Tell-Show-Do were popular in both pre- and post-COVID-19 times with minor modifications in approach, but conscious sedation and distraction techniques were evaluated to have gained more popularity in the post-COVID-19 times along with exploration of new novel techniques.

The need for multifaceted approaches when dealing with the differing impacts of natural disasters and anthropocentric events on air quality

Air pollution associated health issues are increasing globally. This is due to both anthropogenic sources, such as traffic, and natural sources, such as bushfires. Natural disasters, such as bushfires, impact air quality by releasing large concentrations of pollutants affecting respiratory health. However, another recent global event has also had severe impacts on the environment and health, the global COVID-19 pandemic. Global pandemics, such as COVID-19, can also influence air quality by altering human activity, resulting in its own associated health impacts. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a natural disaster and global pandemic on outdoor ambient air pollution by quantifying and comparing the spatial distribution of two air pollutants, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10), during the different periods across the Greater Sydney region, Australia, while correcting for anthropogenic sources and meteorological influences such as temperature and rain. COVID-19 and bushfire affected periods were compared to a control period when both of these influences were absent. We found that NO2 was significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than during the control period and the recent 2019 bushfires. Conversely, PM10 was significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic than the bushfire and control periods. The spatial distribution of both pollutants and influencers also varied across the study site. These results suggest that both events markedly impacted air quality, although they impacted the air pollutants differently. These findings further demonstrate a greater need to understand the impact of natural disasters and anthropocentric events on air pollution as multifaceted, spatially relevant policies are required to address these events, particularly if they increase in frequency or severity in the future.

Epidemiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse: A Population Health Approach

This graduate-level text disseminates the core principles of epidemiology within a population health framework and provides practical knowledge nurses can use to analyze and improve healthcare in the community. Informed by the evolution of epidemiological science resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, this book demonstrates how epidemiology can have a profound impact on health. It showcases a variety of settings and epidemiological roles demonstrating the importance and practicality of this discipline. Clear and concise, this text explains the basics of population health followed by epidemiological concepts and designs. It is distinguished by its application-based case studies, analytical tools of epidemiology, and calculations, which foster skill development and necessary familiarity of the subject. Also included is an important Biostatistics Primer, relevant content from Healthy People 2030, and an Epidemiology in Practice section focusing on examples from different epidemiological arenas. © 2023 Springer Publishing Company, LLC.

Financial Confidence Strategies for Telehealth ROI & Investment Value

Financial Confidence Strategies is derived from Arkwright’s 2019 Telehealth and Medicine Today Journal published paper;Telehealth Financial Variables and Successful Business Models is predicated on a THMT article that was the second most downloaded paper in 2020 amidst the onset of COVID-19 and a global eruption of increased telehealth services. The presentation addresses telehealth growth, scale, ROI, investment strategy, and best practice.

Control and Insecurity in Australian and Canadian Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

We studied 14 universities across Canada and Australia to examine how the COVID-19 crisis, mediated through management strategies and conflict over financial control in higher education, influenced workers’ job security and affective outcomes like stress and happiness. The countries differed in their institutional frameworks, their union density, their embeddedness in neoliberalism and their negotiation patterns. Management strategies also differed between universities. Employee outcomes were influenced by differences in union involvement. Labour cost reductions negotiated with unions could improve financial outcomes, but, even in a crisis, management might not be willing to forego absolute control over finance, and it was not the depth of the crisis that shaped management decisions. Alternate :Cette étude examine comment la pandémie de COVID-19 et les stratégies mises en oeuvre par la gestion universitaire ont influencé la sécurité d'emploi, le stress et le bonheur des travailleurs de l'enseignement supérieur. Les données quantitatives et qualitatives primaires proviennent d'une enquête menée dans quatorze universités en Australie et au Canada, complétée par des recherches secondaires. L'analyse examine les réponses des institutions et des travailleurs à la pandémie, ainsi que les conflits qui en résultent en matière de contrôle financier et ce, tant aux niveaux macro (secteur), méso (université) et micro (individu). Au niveau macro, les réponses des universités ont été façonnées par les politiques publiques de l'État aux niveaux national et infranational. Dans les deux pays l’approche avait une forme nettement " néolibérale ". Toutefois, les universités australiennes ont été davantage exposées à la pression financière en faveur des suppressions d'emplois, et la direction de ces universités a peut-être été plus encline à procéder à des mises à pied que l'ensemble des universités canadiennes. Les différences au niveau du soutien institutionnel au syndicalisme au niveau macro ont influencé la manière dont le personnel universitaire a été affecté aux niveaux méso et micro. La restructuration des universités, dans les deux pays, a eu un impact négatif sur la sécurité d'emploi et les perspectives de carrière, ce qui a entraîné une diminution de la satisfaction professionnelle et une augmentation du stress. Pour de nombreux membres du personnel professionnel, le travail à domicile était nouveau et libérateur, tandis que pour d’autres membres du personnel universitaire, le travail à domicile était une expérience négative. Notre analyse démontre que les expériences du personnel universitaire ont été influencées par d'autres facteurs que les modalités de travail mises en place par les universités pendant la pandémie de COVID-19. Les approches des universités en matière de protection de l'emploi, de restructuration et d'engagement avec le personnel par le biais des syndicats semblent influencer la satisfaction, le stress et le bonheur du personnel. Nos résultats s'inscrivent dans le prolongement de la littérature qui documente la manière dont les processus de néolibéralisation sont régulièrement contestés par le personnel universitaire dans le cadre de diverses actions individuelles et collectives, en particulier en temps de crise. Nous soutenons que la théorisation des luttes pour le contrôle du travail devrait être étendue aux luttes pour le contrôle des finances.

Student teachers' perceived changes of learning conditions during COVID-19: The role of internal resource management strategies, intrinsic motivation, and preferences for lesson formats.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused an abrupt change in higher education that had a profound impact on students. Pandemic distance learning required students to regulate their learning more independently and to find new ways of communicating with their peers and instructors. This study focused on how students perceived the learning conditions that they encountered during the first semester that took place online compared to the time before distance learning. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether students' internal resource management strategies, intrinsic motivation, and instruction format (synchronous, asynchronous, and face-to-face) preferences were associated with the perceived changes of the learning conditions. Students enrolled in a German university (N = 330) answered an online questionnaire at the end of the summer term in 2020. Findings from structural equation modeling showed that the regulative resources of attention and intrinsic motivation were significant factors that predicted how students perceived changes in relevance, quality, and support of online instruction compared to the time before distance learning. However, our results show that these factors did not impact perceived changes in social relatedness. Moreover, the results demonstrate that preferences for digital formats were significant related to student perceptions of changes in relevance, quality, and support, whereas preferences for the face-to-face format had significant negative effects on these factors. Only the face-to-face preference had a significant (negative) effect on social relatedness. Finally, the study revealed an indirect effect of attention on students' perceived changes of learning conditions through preferences for lesson formats. This study has important implications for digital integration in higher education and suggests that institutions should implement various methods that foster social interaction and internal regulation strategies.